Proteolytic hydrolysis of cowpea proteins is able to release peptides with hypocholesterolemic activity
peer-reviewed · Food Research International · 2015
| Date | 2015-11-01 |
| Type | peer-reviewed |
| Venue | Food Research International |
| Publisher | Elsevier BV |
| Contribution | downstream-application |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.foodres.2015.04.020 |
| Citations (OpenAlex) | 70 |
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the hypocholesterolemic activity of peptides obtained by in vitro simulated human digestion of cowpea bean proteins; moreover, we have screened the bioactive peptides through chromatographic separation by RP-HPLC of the 3kDa molecular mass cut-off fraction of hydrolyzed isolated cowpea protein. Micellar solubility of cholesterol was measured after adding 35μgmL−1 of each fraction on in vitro prepared intestine-like micelles. The inhibiting activity of each fraction (50μgmL−1) also was tested on the enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA reductase). The whole hydrolysate was analyzed by ‘de novo’ mass spectrometry peptide sequencing (RP-HPLC-MS2) and the top score candidate peptide sequences were further analyzed by computational modeling. All collected fractions inhibited the initial HMG-CoA reductase activity by 47.8 to 57.1%. They also reduced cholesterol micellar solubilization, with fraction 1 being the most effective (71.7%). The peptide conserved domains may interact with the phosphatidylcholine added in the reaction of the cholesterol micelles. According with a computational prediction, the only peptide able to bind significantly the HMG-CoA reductase was GCTLN. This is the first report of peptide fractions from cowpea bean protein released by human digestion enzymes (pepsin followed by pancreatin) assigned to its cholesterol-lowering effect. These routes may define their action in lipid metabolism.
Methods and tools
- Cowpea hypocholesterolemic peptides: Screens simulated-digestion cowpea peptides for HMG-CoA reductase inhibition, identifying candidates by de novo MS/MS sequencing.